说明

通常情况下，React 子组件使用父组件的方法或值通过props传递，反过来，父组件如果需要子组件的方法就需要子组件将自己的方法暴露出去。以下是一个实例：

User.tsx

import React, { FC, useEffect, useState, useRef } from 'react';
import { Button, Table } from 'antd';
import UserEdit, { UserEditRef } from './UserEdit';
import { EditFilled } from '@ant-design/icons';

interface User {
  desc?: string;
  name?: string;
}
const User: FC = () => {
  const userEditRef = useRef<UserEditRef>(null);
  const columns: any = [
    {
      title: '名称',
      dataIndex: 'name',
      key: 'name',
    },
    {
      title: '描述',
      dataIndex: 'desc',
      key: 'desc',
    },
    {
      title: '操作',
      render: (_: string, record: User) => {
        return (
          <EditFilled
            onClick={(e) => {
              userEditRef.current?.open(record);
            }}
          />
        );
      },
    },
  ];
  const [datasource, setDatasource] = useState<User[]>([
    {
      desc: 'I am Tom',
      name: 'Tom',
    },
    {
      desc: 'I am Marry',
      name: 'Marry',
    },
  ]);

  const updateData = (data?: User) => {
    const datas = [data, ...datasource];
    setDatasource(datas);
  };

  return (
    <div>
      <Button
        onClick={() => {
          userEditRef.current.open();
        }}
      >
        新建
      </Button>
      <Table columns={columns} dataSource={datasource} />
      <UserEdit ref={userEditRef} onSave={updateData} />
    </div>
  );
};

export default User;

UserEdit.tsx

import { useState, useImperativeHandle, forwardRef } from 'react';
import { Form, Input, Drawer, Button } from 'antd';

interface User {
  userId?: number;
  desc?: string;
  name?: string;
}

interface PropType {
  onSave: Function;
}

export interface UserEditRef {
  open: (currentUser?: User) => void;
}

const UserEdit = forwardRef<UserEditRef, PropType>((props, ref) => {
  //props
  const { onSave } = props;
  // state
  const [userEditOpen, setUserEditOpen] = useState(false);
  const [currentFormData, setCurrentFormData] = useState<User>();

  // 暴露给父组件的属性，open是打开抽屉的方法
  useImperativeHandle(ref, () => ({
    open: (currentUser?: User) => {
      setUserEditOpen(true);
      setCurrentFormData(currentUser);
    },
  }));

  const onCancel = () => {
    setUserEditOpen(false);
  };

  const onFinish = (values: any) => {
    onSave(values);
    setUserEditOpen(false);
  };

  return (
    <Drawer
      title={
        currentFormData ? '用户 | ' + currentFormData?.name : '用户 | 新建'
      }
      width="auto"
      open={userEditOpen}
      footer={null}
      onClose={onCancel}
      destroyOnClose
    >
      <Form initialValues={currentFormData} onFinish={onFinish}>
        <Form.Item
          label="组名"
          name="name"
          rules={[{ required: true, message: '请输入用户名!' }]}
        >
          <Input />
        </Form.Item>
        <Form.Item label="描述" name="desc">
          <Input.TextArea />
        </Form.Item>
        <Form.Item>
          <Button type="primary" htmlType="submit">
            提交
          </Button>
          <Button
            htmlType="button"
            onClick={onCancel}
            style={{ marginLeft: 8 }}
          >
            取消
          </Button>
        </Form.Item>
      </Form>
    </Drawer>
  );
});

export default UserEdit;

效果预览

React hooks子组件暴露方法示例